Torah (Tawrat)

The Tawrat (Arabic: توراة‎), also romanized as Tawrah or Taurat. The word Tawrat occurs eighteen times in the Quran and the name of Musa is mentioned 136 times in the Quran; nowhere in the Quran is it written that Moses alone has been given the Tawrat, but on the contrary it is written in the Quran that all the prophets governed with the Tawrat.

إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَا ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةَ فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ يَحْكُمُ بِهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّونَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا۟ لِلَّذِينَ هَادُوا۟ وَٱلرَّبَّـٰنِيُّونَ وَٱلْأَحْبَارُ بِمَا ٱسْتُحْفِظُوا۟ مِن كِتَـٰبِ ٱللَّـهِ وَكَانُوا۟ عَلَيْهِ شُهَدَآءَ فَلَا تَخْشَوُا۟ ٱلنَّاسَ وَٱخْشَوْنِ وَلَا تَشْتَرُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِى ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّـهُ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ ۝ وَكَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهَآ أَنَّ ٱلنَّفْسَ بِٱلنَّفْسِ وَٱلْعَيْنَ بِٱلْعَيْنِ وَٱلْأَنفَ بِٱلْأَنفِ وَٱلْأُذُنَ بِٱلْأُذُنِ وَٱلسِّنَّ بِٱلسِّنِّ وَٱلْجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٌ فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِۦ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَّهُۥ وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّـهُ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَ ۝ وَقَفَّيْنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَـٰرِهِم بِعِيسَى ٱبْنِ مَرْيَمَ مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةِ وَءَاتَيْنَـٰهُ ٱلْإِنجِيلَ فِيهِ هُدًى وَنُورٌ وَمُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةِ وَهُدًى وَمَوْعِظَةً لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ ۝

We sent down the Law (Tawrat) wherein is guidance and light. The prophets who submitted judged thereby those who hold to Judaism as did the rabbis and the religious scholars with what ­they were given charge of the Writ of God and were thereto witnesses: “So fear not mankind but fear Me; and sell not My proofs at a cheap price.” And whoso judges not by what God has sent down, it is they who are the false claimers of guidance. (5:44) And We prescribed for them therein a life for a life, and an eye for an eye, and a nose for a nose, and an ear for an ear, and a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds just requital; but whoso forgives it by way of charity, it is an expiation for him. And whoso judges not by what God has sent down: it is they who are the wrongdoers. (5:45) And We sent Jesus, son of Mary in their footsteps confirming what was before him of the Law (Tawrat); and We gave him the Gospel wherein was guidance and light, both confirming what was before him of the Law (Tawrat) and as guidance and admonition for those of prudent fear. (5:46)

The Torah (/ˈtɔːrə, ˈtoʊrə/; Biblical Hebrew: תּוֹרָה‎ Tōrā, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law"). The word "Torah" in Hebrew is derived from the root ירה, which in the hif'il conjugation means 'to guide' or 'to teach', The Alexandrian Jews who translated the Septuagint used the Greek word nomos, meaning norm, standard, doctrine, and later "law".

Tawrāh = Torah, Pentateuch (Hans Wehr Lexicon page 119)

From Hebrew תּוֹרָה‎ (tōrā, “instruction, law or teaching”). 

    Synonyms

    • Pentateuch

    • the Law

Pentateuch 

From Ancient Greek πεντάτευχος (pentáteukhos), from Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte, “five”) + τεῦχος (teûkhos, “tool, scroll, book”). From same root as τεύχω (teúkhō), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ- (“to be ready, be sufficient”). Compare Lithuanian daũg (“much, many”), Old Saxon dōg (“to be suitable”), Proto-Slavic *dugь (“strength, power”).

    Synonyms

    • the Law

    • Torah

Pentateuch of the Torah in the Quran 

1: Life for a Life 

2: Eye for an Eye

3: Nose for a Nose

4: Ear for an Ear

5: Tooth for Tooth

+ Requital (Compensation) for wound.

(5:45)

Either way, Tawrat (Teachings) is an attribute of Kitab Allah (Law of God), and not the name of an old abrogated book replaced by a newer book with different rules and morals.