Ahl Kitab

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The term "ahl kitāb" is typically translated as "the people of the book" to refer to Jews and Christians. However, a deeper analysis of the instances in which this term is used suggests that it refers to a specific subset of these groups, specifically the priestly or scholarly religious class. This interpretation is supported by verses such as 4:153, where the "people of the scripture" are shown to instantly turn to idol worship when Moses is gone, and 3:65 and 3:71, where the "people of the scripture" are shown to be engaging in theological arguments and mixing truth with falsehood. Additionally, the Qur'an acknowledges that there are righteous individuals among ahl kitāb, but criticizes them for not following revelation. This archetype of ahl kitāb is not limited to Jews and Christians, but also correlates with the Islamic priesthood.

When examining the context of the verses in which ahl kitāb is used, it is clear that the term is often used in reference to a group of people who possess knowledge of religious teachings but do not necessarily follow them. This is evident in verses such as 3:78 and 5:44, where ahl kitāb are criticized for distorting the meaning of the writ and hiding the truth. This is also reflected in the use of the term "doctors of the Law" as a translation for ahl kitāb, as it denotes a group of people who possess knowledge of religious laws and teachings, but may not necessarily follow them.

The Qur'an's use of the term "ahl kitāb" is not limited to Jews and Christians, but rather refers to a specific archetype of individuals within any religious community, specifically those who possess knowledge of religious teachings but do not necessarily follow them. This archetype can be further defined as the priestly, scholarly religious class, and can be applied to both Jews and Christians, as well as the Islamic priesthood.

The Traditionalist interpretation of "ahl kitāb" as "the people of the book" typically refers to Jews and Christians. However, upon further analysis of the instances in which the term is used in the Qur'an, it can be argued that it references a specific subset of these groups, specifically the priestly or scholarly religious class. This interpretation suggests that "ahl kitāb" is not limited to only Jews and Christians, but rather refers to a specific archetype of individuals within any religious community who possess knowledge of religious teachings but do not necessarily follow them. This archetype is broader than just Jews and Christians and it can be recognized in any religious confessions where truth is known yet is hidden, concealed and/or distorted.

 





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